Pharmacological inhibition of thioredoxin reductase increases insulin secretion and diminishes beta cell viability.

Indirect evidence that increased levels of NADPH do really occur is provided by the MTT testing where 0.5 and 5 μM of AM12 unexpectedly led to a moderate but highly significant increase in MTT conversion after a 24-h exposure (Fig. 2a ).

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Only a slight difference was apparent between control-cultured islets and islets exposed to 0.5 μM AM12.

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