Spin in Published Reports of Tinnitus Randomized Controlled Trials: Evidence of Overinterpretation of Results.

Actual spin was defined as a conclusion not reporting the point estimate(s) of outcome(s), a selectively focused or extrapolated conclusion, a stronger conclusion in abstract than in full text, and/or linguistic spin (i.e., “trend,” “tendency toward,” or “marginally significant/approaching significance”).

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Linguistic spin (“trend,” “marginally significant,” or “tendency toward an effect”) was found in 17% of the studies.

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