Local Anesthetic Delivered with a Dual Action Ring and Injection Applicator Reduces the Acute Pain Response of Lambs during Tail Docking.

For total active behaviors summed across the 12 time points, the effect of treatment was highly significant ( p < 0.001, Figure 3 b).

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The count of active pain behaviors was higher in Ring lambs than Ring LA lambs at 5, 15, 25 and 30 min ( Figure 3 a) and approached significance at 10 and 20 min.

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