Estimating the effect of COVID-19 epidemic on shipping trade: An empirical analysis using panel data.

Mar Policy · 2021 · PMC8413456 · PMID 34493890

Europe PMC DOI

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a significant trendno p-value reported

Beyond that, similar to European Union, the export trade also has a significant trend over time, whereas the import trade is not obvious.

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an obvious trendno p-value reported

Interestingly, the results of time dummy variables show that the shipping trade of China with North America has an obvious trend over time change.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.