The effect of additional antimicrobial therapy on the outcomes of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Secondary outcomes Compared to the control group, the use of additional antimicrobial agents was associated with mild improvements in FVC (MD 0.01; 95% CI − 0.03 to 0.05; p = 0.56; I 2 = 0%) and DLCO (MD 0.05; 95% CI − 0.17 to 0.28; p = 0.65; I 2 = 41%); however, these differences did not reach statistical significance (Fig. 4 ).

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