The results of the ISCHEMIA trial, in which participants were followed for a median of 3.2 years, summarised in Table 3 .[ 19 ] There were no differences between the INV and CON groups for the primary endpoint (a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, MI or hospitalisation for unstable angina, heart failure or resuscitated cardiac arrest), and similar results were found in the ISCHEMIA-CKD trial.[ 8 ] The rate of hospitalisations for unstable angina was lower, but that for heart failure was higher, in the INV group, but the differences did not reach statistical significance.[ 19 ] Subgroup analysis also failed to demonstrate differences between INV and CON in patients with prior MI or previous revascularisation or according to LVEF, the severity of myocardial ischaemia or coronary artery anatomy, adding consistency to the main results of the trial.[ 19 ] Overall, the superiority of an initial INV could not be demonstrated.
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