Barely Significant
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Low-Dose Metformin as a Monotherapy Does Not Reduce Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Tumor Burden in Mice.

Biomedicines · 2021 · PMC8615566 · PMID 34829914

2
hedged sentences
0.0310
closest p · 0.6× alpha
0.0310
boldest claim

The sentences

modestly significantp = 0.031actually significant
However, Hes1 expression showed a modestly significant effect for sex when males and females are separated within each treatment group [ F (1, 8) = 6.828; p = 0.031]. 3.6.

also in 257 other papers

showed a trendno p-value reported
Although there was no significant reduction in F4/80 or IL-6 gene expression, animals receiving metformin treatment showed a trend for lower IL-6 gene expression.

also in 53,322 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.