Analysis of Antibiotic Consumption by AWaRe Classification in Shandong Province, China, 2012-2019: A Panel Data Analysis.

Front Pharmacol · 2021 · PMC8645977 · PMID 34880766

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

an increasing trendno p-value reported

In both economic-level areas, the volume of antibiotic consumption showed a decreasing trend in the PHCs, while an increasing trend in hospitals.

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showed a trendno p-value reported

The proportion of watch antibiotic consumption showed a trend of growth between 2012 and 2016 (HIAs: 51.7–57.7%; UMIAs: 39.9–44.4%) and then declined between 2016 and 2019 (HIAs: 57.7–55.3%; UMIAs: 44.4–41.2%) in both economic-level groups.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.