Irreversible depletion of intestinal CD4+ T cells is associated with T cell activation during chronic HIV infection.

The CD4 depletion remained highly significant in the duodenum of virally suppressed participants ( P < 0.001), but it was less pronounced in the colon and no longer reached statistical significance ( P = 0.1).

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Blood CD4 + T cell levels showed a trend toward CD4 restoration ( r = 0.24; P = 0.13) with only a 1.3-fold reduction ( P = 0.2) in participants receiving ART for more than 10 years ( Figure 4D ), and this is consistent with a 1.1 reduction in absolute CD4 + T cell counts (HIV – versus HIV + VL < 20 ART > 10 years, median 858 versus 795 cells/mm 3 , P = 0.99).

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