Systemic Inflammation Accelerates Changes in Microglial and Synaptic Markers in an Experimental Model of Chronic Neurodegeneration.

We, and others have shown that serum TNF-α levels are increased in people with AD, which contributes to faster disease progression and inhibition using the TNF-α inhibitor, etanercept, showed a trend toward a slower rate of decline ( Holmes et al., 2009 , 2011 ; Butchart et al., 2015 ).

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