moderately significantp < 0.05
However, the HPCL samples exhibited significantly decreased levels of IL-17A (p < 0.05), IL-22 (p < 0.001), IL-23 (p < 0.01), and TGF-β (p < 0.05) with no significant change in IL-1β and a moderately significant increase in IL-6 levels (p < 0.05) compared with BVL patient group.