Sex is a defining feature of neuroimaging phenotypes in major brain disorders.

As a result, the number of studies that reported a positive result (a nominally significant effect at α < .05) was more than double what would be expected based on formal power calculations if all of the reported effect sizes were accurate, and more than four times the expected number if only half of the reported effect sizes were accurate.

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Sex‐by‐age interactions were significant in the subiculum of the hippocampal tail, with a marginally significant nonlinear effect of age on subiculum volumes in females, but no significant effect in males (Malykhin et al., 2017 ).

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