<i>Pten</i> haploinsufficiency causes desynchronized growth of brain areas involved in sensory processing.

Consistent with the high dB hyporeactivity seen in the AST, Pten +/- mice of both sexes exhibit lower startle amplitude to the 120-dB stimulus-only trials in all three phases of the ASH/PPI test (phase I: baseline before PPI trials; phase II: interspersed between PPI trials; phase III: after PPI trials; see Figures 3 B and 3C, Table S3 ), although this only reaches the level of a statistical trend in the latter two phases in females (phase II, p = 0.063; phase III, p = 0.074; see Figure 3 B, Table S3 ).

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Male results were less conclusive, as Pten +/- male mice showed a trend to lower startle amplitude at one stimulus intensity (10 dB above background, p = 0.071) and a trend to a lower startle threshold than Pten +/+ males, but the lowest stimulus intensity for a significant startle was higher than that of Pten +/+ mice ( Pten +/+ threshold, 15 dB above background; Pten +/- significant startle at 20 dB above background, trend at 10 dB above background, p = 0.094 and 15 dB above background, p = 0.077; see Figure 2 D, Table S3 ).

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