Race-Related Differences Between and Within Sex to Experimental Thermal Pain in Middle and Older Adulthood: An Exploratory Pilot Analysis.

For example, the racial differences of just noticeable unpleasantness pain scores were of medium to large effect sizes for both females and males (d = −0.56 and −0.72, respectively), even though the differences did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.42 and 0.28, respectively).

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