Associative learning drives longitudinally graded presynaptic plasticity of neurotransmitter release along axonal compartments.

Control flies (containing R13F02-Gal4, UAS-GRAB-ACh, and tub-Gal80 ts , but lacking a UAS-RNAi) exhibited plasticity across the γ lobe in similar spatial patterns as observed in wild-type animals (↑CS+:CS- in γ1–3 and ↓CS+:CS- in γ5): there was a robust increase in the CS+:CS- and CS+ potentiation in γ1, with a strong trend toward an increase in CS+:CS- in γ2 (p = 0.052), an increase in the CS+ response in γ3, and a trend toward a CS+ decrease in γ5 (p = 0.120) ( Figure 3C, E, F , Figure 3—figure supplement 1 ).

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