Haemodynamic changes of interatrial shunting devices for heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

0.63, 95% CI 0.33–1.21, per patient‐year, P = 0.06), and the incidence of major adverse cardiac, cerebrovascular, and renal events was also lower, although this finding did not reach statistical significance (possibly due to the small sample size). 33 In another study comparing survival predicted from baseline data using the Meta‐analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure risk survival score, IASD implantation was associated with a significant reduction in mortality in HFpEF (10.2/100 vs. 3.4/100 patient‐years, P = 0.02). 34 These results suggest that by significantly reducing PCWP, ISD can significantly reduce symptoms, improve exercise capacity, and improve quality of life and may even reduce mortality in HF patients.

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