Remote exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke is associated with lower exercise capacity through effects on oxygen pulse, a proxy of cardiac stroke volume.

BMJ Open Respir Res · 2022 · PMC9109127 · PMID 35551073

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0780

closest p · 1.6× alpha

0.0790

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep=0.078so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Although the analysis did not reach statistical significance (p=0.078 for RV/TLC) and thus could not provide any further corroborating evidence for our hypothesis, the analysis did suggest that a substantial proportion (36%) of air trapping effect on exercise capacity may be mediated through stroke volume.

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marginally significantp≤0.079so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Furthermore, baseline respiratory symptoms were significantly associated with FRC/TLC with more air trapping being associated with higher likelihood of having respiratory symptoms at baseline (RV/TLC association was marginally significant; p≤0.079).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.