Metformin suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitreous of diabetes patients and human retinal vascular endothelium.

PLoS One · 2022 · PMC9269956 · PMID 35802672

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a clear trendno p-value reported

Further, this study is the first to demonstrate a clear trend of attenuated upregulation of vitreous inflammatory cytokines associated with long-term metformin treatment.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.