An open-label, investigator-initiated, single-center, prospective, pilot clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of a skin whitening serum applied twice daily combined with a spot-preventing SPF50+ sunscreen in healthy female subjects with melasma hyperpigmentation.

J Cosmet Dermatol · 2022 · PMC9290795 · PMID 34087055

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

a marked trendno p-value reported

In addition, all skin quality parameters assessed by the investigator and subjects showed a marked trend of improvement from baseline to week 12 (Figure 9 ).

also in 422 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.