Effect of Electronic Cigarettes on the Gastrointestinal System.

Cureus · 2022 · PMC9322142 · PMID 35903484

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.3208

closest p · 6.4× alpha

0.3208

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.3208not close (p > 0.1)

However, the results did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.3208) Conclusion: Conflicting views exist regarding the effects of EC on the GI tract.

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