Change in PD-L1 and CD8 Expression after Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

After dichotomizing by median of CD8 IHC results, no association was found between pre-CCRT CD8 level and patients’ survival (Log rank test, p = 0.268 in Figure 3 C and HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.18–2.35, p = 0.52 in Table 4 ); however, there was borderline significance for those with lower post-CCRT CD8 level to have a longer survival period (Log rank test, p = 0.06, Figure 3 D and HR = 4.89, 95% CI = 0.96–24.92, p = 0.06, Table 4 ).

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The results remained similar in subgroup analysis of 23 patients with paired specimens after adjustment for gender and age (HR = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.132–10.574, p = 0.029) ( Table 3 ); however, survival analysis was borderline significant in subgroup analysis of the 23 patients with paired specimens across CCRT before (Log rank test, p = 0.065) or after adjustment for gender and sex (HR = 0.466, 95% CI = 0.163–1.133, p = 0.154) ( Table S3 ). 3.4.

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In conclusion, our study showed a trend of decreasing PD-L1 expression and increasing CD8 signal after CCRT in responders.

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