Pest defences under weak selection exert a limited influence on the evolution of height growth and drought avoidance in marginal pine populations.

These correlation patterns revealed that height and δ 13 C displayed a co-gradient variation with MAT, and that there existed a negative trend between WGR and MAT, and MPB and MAP; a positive trend between MPB and MAT, and WGR and MAP ( figure 2 a ).

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