Development of the infant gut microbiome predicts temperament across the first year of life.

In addition, we found a trend toward an association between concurrent gut microbial beta diversity with negative affectivity ( R 2 = 0.101, p = .094), although it did not reach statistical significance, and an association with its sadness subscale ( R 2 = 0.126, p = .047) at 12 months of age ( Figures 3a and 3b ).

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