Integrated gut microbiota and metabolomic analysis reveals immunomodulatory effects of Echinacea extract and Astragalus polysaccharides.

Front Vet Sci · 2022 · PMC9478787 · PMID 36118329

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showed a trendno p-value reported

A PLS-DA model with 2 effective principal components was developed at day 14 of treatment group of contents, R 2 X = 0.288, R 2 Y = 0.527, and Q 2 = 0.268, and the PLS-DA score plot showed a trend toward separation between the four sample groups.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

The IS group decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes from 91.29 to 82.65% in the experiment, while all other groups showed an increasing trend.

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

The other two groups showed a decreasing trend, accounting for only 1.08% (C) and 1.66% (EE) at 14 days ( Figure 2A ).

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