The effects of age and sex on the incidence of multiple step saccades and corrective saccades.

By performing this analysis, we intend to address the following two questions: (1) Are the incidences of MSS different between vertical and horizontal saccades? (2) If there is a difference, how does age affect such a difference? Although the incidences of MSS gradually increased in both vertical and horizontal saccades with increasing age ( p = 0.0004 and p = 4.5 × 10 –9 for horizontal and vertical comparisons, Figure 4A , Kruskal–Wallis test), there was a clear trend that the incidences of MSS in vertical saccades were higher than those in horizontal saccades across all groups of participants with different ages ( Figure 4A , effect sizes of the significant groups are 0.13, 0.22, 0.21, 0.08, and 0.25).

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