Although there was only a borderline significant increase in erythropoietin, other studies suggest that an earlier peak may have been missed because this measurement was only repeated 12 months after starting treatment in DAPA-HF. 16 , 17 However, erythropoiesis, leading to increased mobilization and use of iron, would be expected to cause an increase in soluble transferrin receptor levels and iron-binding capacity, coupled with a decrease in ferritin, TSAT, and hepcidin, all of which were observed in DAPA-HF.
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Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure and Effect of Dapagliflozin: Findings From DAPA-HF.
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The beneficial effect was also generally consistent across the range of ferritin, iron, TSAT, and sTFR levels at baseline when examined as a continuous variable (Figure 3 ), although there was a nominally significant interaction between baseline ferritin level and the effect of dapagliflozin, with a larger reduction in the primary outcome among patients with lower ferritin concentrations (Figure 3 ).