impMKT: the imputed McDonald and Kreitman test, a straightforward correction that significantly increases the evidence of positive selection of the McDonald and Kreitman test at the gene level.

Third, although this data pooling increases the power of detecting selection, it could lead to the Simpson’s paradox ( Simpson 1951 ) if a significant trend in the 2 × 2 contingency tables disappears or reverses when the data is combined into a single table ( Stoletzki and Eyre-Walker 2011 ; Hahn 2018 ).

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