Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated risk factors: A testing program and nested case-control study conducted at Sapienza University of Rome between March and June 2021.

As for other potential exposures in the 2 weeks before testing, cases and controls took part in all the activities investigated to a similar extent, with the only exception being activities inside the university campus, which were attended by a greater proportion of students in the control group, although this did not reach statistical significance (35.0 vs. 17.5%, p = 0.067) ( Table 3 ).

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Conversely, activities in the community were almost significant (aOR: 8.13, 95% CI: 0.91–72.84).

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Of factors that almost reached statistical significance, participation in activities in the university tended to reduce the risk (aOR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.09–1.06), while attendance at private gatherings showed an increasing risk trend (aOR: 3.48, 95% CI: 0.95–12.79).

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This consideration may also explain why in the analysis of non-attending students only, activities in the community almost significantly increased the risk of infection, suggesting that individual behavior may play a role even in those settings where rigorous measures are in place.

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