Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Trade-Offs and Synergies in Ecosystem Services at Watershed and Landscape Scales: A Case Analysis of the Yellow River Basin (Henan Section).

(2) From 1990 to 2020, the water yields in the Yellow River Basin (Henan section) were 42.77 × 10 8 m 3 , 57.62 × 10 8 m 3 , 44.47 × 10 8 m 3 and 48.54 × 10 8 m 3 , respectively, which showed a trend that at first increased and then decreased with time; also in the spatial dimension, there was a trend of being low in the southwest and slightly higher in the northeast.

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The areas of the various land types in the basin from 1990 to 2020 exhibited a decreasing trend over the period, except for construction land, among which farmland and grassland decreased the most ( Table 2 ).

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