Systematic analysis of relationships between plasma branched-chain amino acid concentrations and cardiometabolic parameters: an association and Mendelian randomization study.

In detail, results were only considered when they met the following criteria: (1) MR results were based on three or more SNPs, as this allowed us to perform the sensitivity analyses listed below; (2) MR results showed a Benjamini-Hochberg-corrected p value < 0.05 using IVW and nominally significant results ( p value < 0.05) using two other MR approaches (weighted median and MR PRESSO test [ 56 , 57 ]); (3) MR results did not show indications of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity, as estimated using MR Egger [ 57 ] (intercept p value > 0.05) and the MR PRESSO [ 56 ] outlier-adjusted test (

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