However, there was an increasing trend in sphincter-preserving for tumors 4-≤5cm before 2004 (APC 12.5, 2.1-24.0).
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Trends of sphincter-preserving surgeries for low lying rectal cancer: A 20-year experience in China.
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The sentences
When stratifying for intervals in 2000-2008, 2009-2015, and 2016-2021, the results showed a better direction of overall survival for sphincter-preserving group than APR, although it did not reach statistical significance ( Table 3 ).