Direct Air Capture of CO₂ through Carbonate Alkalinity Generated by Phytoplankton Nitrate Assimilation.

Furthermore, as predicted by Equation (6), the culture media under the ammonia condition exhibited a strong trend of acidity increase over time, where the pH, after an early increase from 7–7.5 in the first 3–5 days, experienced a steady decline, and ultimately reached ~4.5 at the end of the 20-day experiments ( Figure 1 B).

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