A High Dose of Dietary Berberine Improves Gut Wall Morphology, Despite an Expansion of <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> and a Reduction in Beneficial Microbiota in Broiler Chickens.

Depletion of butyrate-producing bacteria, as we observed in our study, including Anaerostipes , [ Eubacterium ] hallii group , Faecalibacterium , and Subdoligranulum , often reduces luminal butyrate levels, although this did not reach statistical significance in our study ( P = 0.0882), which results in a metabolic reorientation of surface colonocytes toward fermentation of glucose, thereby increasing oxygenation of the epithelium and finally driving the expansion of facultative anaerobic Enterobacteriaceae through aerobic respiration ( 48 ).

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