Reproducibility of infant fNIRS studies: a meta-analytic approach.

For set 3, age showed a trend toward significance, with the intercept being 0.19 for newborns ( [ − 0.03 , 0.40 ] , z = 1.72 , p < 0.1 ), and the decreases in effect magnitude were 0.07 for 6-month-olds, 0.36 for 7-month-olds, and 0.29 for 9-month-olds (Table S6 in the Supplementary Material ).

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Although this tendency was numerically present in all sets of the data, it only approached significance in Set 3, i.e., studies using trisyllabic speech sequences with adjacent repetitions because, in this restricted set, variability attributable to other factors was reduced; thus the effect of age could surface more clearly.

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