Excerpts

Probability ( p ) values of <0.05 was considered statistically significant difference, p < 0.01 was considered highly significant difference.

Overall, this study confirmed the existence of a positive trend between water temperature and tlh with an upper threshold while also identifying a previously unobserved lower threshold. trh appeared to have a similar relationship with salinity and water temperature to tlh while tdh had a positive relationship with tissue temperature in warmer oysters (>20°C).

A decreasing trend in the incidence of NDs has been observed since 2010, although it is still higher than the average rate found in the EU/EEA ( European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2020 ).

The diversity of Symbiodiniaceae and symbiont shuffling in the community structure was mainly caused by alterations in the relative abundance of the thermally sensitive but dominant clade C symbionts and low abundance of “background types.” Bacterial diversity showed a decreasing trend with increasing temperature, whereas no significant shifts were observed in the bacterial community structure.

The LX4 type (GI-19) was found to have the highest dN/dS ratios and has been the most dominant genotype since 1999, and the Taiwan-I type (GI-7) and New type (GVI-1) showed an increasing trend.

The relation between organic load rate (OLR) at the inlet and coulombic efficiency (CE; %) showed a decreasing trend, with values ranging from 8.8 to 53% (OLR from 2.0 to 16.4 g COD m –2 day –1 ) for IMDEA systems and from 0.8 to 2.5% (OLR from 41.9 to 45.6 g COD m –2 day –1 ) for Ørby systems.

KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the T1 phase exhibited an increasing trend in the following pathways: “proteasome,” “biosynthesis of amino acids,” “carbon metabolism,” “estrogen signaling pathway,” and “measles” ( Figure 3C ).

The gene expression levels of six subclusters mainly had an increasing trend, while others had decreased trends.

Moreover, Uncultured_bacterium and Streptococcus showed a fluctuation of initial rising and then a decreasing trend.

Moreover, FFAs showed a trend of decrease after maternal betaine treatment ( Figure 3H ).

The overall prevalence of TDR was 12.8% and presented an overall decreasing trend ( p for trend < 0.001), the ADR prevalence was 68.5% also with a decreasing trend ( p for trend < 0.001).

This is particularly notable in regard to the RT078, which is the most common RT isolated from pigs ( Rodriguez et al., 2012 ; Stein et al., 2017 ), and also one of the most prevalent types found in hospitalized patients in Europe, with an increasing trend in prevalence ( Bauer et al., 2011 ; Davies et al., 2016 ).

The combined water distribution and storage time did not have a well-defined relationship, but there was an overall trend for the free water to increase with time, where the difference between each group is small.

In contrast, loss of LTA d -alanylation in the non-encapsulated mutant caused a highly significant increase in bound cytochrome C (10cpsΔEF: mean 25.57%, SD 2.32%; 10cpsΔEFΔ dltA : mean 33.25%, SD 2.76%).

A “leukemia virus”, although a highly significant denomination when describing HTLV-1, would not describe correctly such common neurological disease or the many other inflammatory conditions listed above.

The colonization numbers of bacteria in different intestinal segments of shrimp showed a decreasing trend with the extension of LiCl treatment time ( Figure 7 ).

While all six metals showed a trend of increasing mass per cell with increasing size (Mg mass per cell), the correlations were not equally strong.

oxalicum F9, the concentration of lactic, acetic, and oxalic acids, as well as total acids showed an increasing trend when incubation time was prolonged.

Although intestinal microbiota are highly diverse and there might be significant differences between individuals, the core microbiota are conserved and have a high degree of functional redundancy ( Barnes et al., 2020 ).

The marginal significance of the explanatory terms were then calculated from the reduced model.

TDR presented a decreasing trend from 16.7% in 2014 to 9.2% in 2016 (p for–trend = 0.114).

TDR to PIs, on the other hand, presented an increasing trend (2.08% in 2014 to 4.23% in 2016; p for–trend = 0.797).

An increasing trend was seen for the number of patents and clinical trials that were applied for since 1999 with the highest number of patents and clinical trials targeted to digestive tract, respiratory, and urogenital indications.

In addition, also not significant, a decreasing trend in OM, C, and N and an increasing trend in soil pH and BD were observed for burned soils at both sites.

In contrast, the DOC concentration of the LOM treatment groups maintained an increasing trend.