Excerpts

Identification of quantitative trait loci with interaction effects Besides the abovementioned QTLs with main and full effects, multi-environment GWAS uncovered highly significant QTLs with interaction effects.

Recently, our aeroponics study demonstrated a highly significant and positive correlation between root traits and tuber yield along with N use efficiency in potatoes (Tiwari et al., 2022 ).

For example, with increasing elevation, [C] leaf of Oxytropis ochrocephala first increased and then decreased, while [N] leaf and [P] leaf of the same species showed a trend of general increase in the identified soil organic carbon (SOC), the ratio of SOC to soil total phosphorus (STP), and the mean annual temperature (MAT) as dominant factors (Cao et al., 2020 ).

With increasing elevation, [N] leaf /[P] leaf showed an increasing trend, indicating that the higher the elevation, the more severe the restriction of P element to the growth of P. anserina .

On the whole, the mRNAs of SiNRX1 , SiNRX2 and SiNRX3 showed a trend of first reaching their highest levels and then declining.

The loss-of-function jmj15 mutants impaired the salt responsive gene expression program The developmental phenotype between jmj15-4 and wild type was highly significant different under salt stress ( Figure 3 ).

With the increase in exogenous calcium content, the alleviation effect on the growth of Salix matsudana seedlings under salt stress showed an overall trend of increasing and then decreasing.

PlACLB2 was highly expressed in the red outer-petals that accumulated more acetyl-CoA and anthocyanin than the yellow inner-petals, and showed a positive trend with the spatial and temporal anthocyanin changes in P. lactiflora petals, and it was defined as a typical ACLB subunit with the nucleus and cytoplasm expressions.

Compared with the control group, P < 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant and P < 0.01 extremely significant.

In terms of Cov within the canopy, the upper canopy coverage (Cov Upp ), middle canopy coverage (Cov Mid ), and lower canopy coverage (Cov Low ) all exhibited an increasing trend with an increase in the flight velocity, such that the Cov Mid at 1 m/s was 2.44%, and the Cov Mid at 3 m/s increased to 6.49%.

The relative expression of LOC11442911 genes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the relative expression of LOC25498220, LOC25493394, LOC11414942, LOC25487134, and LOC11409053 genes showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.

Mg showed an increasing trend year by year and was significantly increased by grazing rest for 2, 3, and 4 years.

ammodendron (34- and 46-year-old), and there was a decreasing trend with growth.

With decreasing GW levels, the soil water content showed a decreasing trend.

Notably, C i also showed a decreasing trend, suggesting that photosynthesis capacity might be limited by stomatal and non-stomatal factors ( Singh et al., 2013 ).

Among them, manganese toxicity-induced root HD-ZIP I proteins (TDF #170-1 and 170-1k) showed a trend of up-regulation in both species ( Zhou et al., 2016 ).

In the presence of the fungus and favorable conditions, the yield losses may be significant, reaching 100%.

With the increase in population numbers, both the mean value and median value of K showed a trend of rising first and then falling; the maximum K value occurred when the population numbers equaled 10.

The Chl a/b presented an interesting trend as it was not remarkably modified after both stress levels.

Except for available manganese, the contents of all mineral elements showed an increasing trend.

When chemical fertilizer was applied to the red soil with biochar amendments ( Table 3 ), the pH value of the soil in the sample groups with 3%, 4%, 5% and 6% biochar showed a decreasing trend.

The transcriptional levels of these tested genes through qRT-PCR analysis showed a trend similar to that of the RNA-Seq data ( Supplementary Figure S2 ), indicating the high reliability of the RNA-Seq data.

The results were incredibly significant and demonstrated that hormones could reduce growth under drought stress ( Chen G. et al., 2019 ).

The trends in Ca and Mg concentrations were similar, with an overall trend of increasing in the leaves and fluctuating downwards in the kernels.

ys in the period × total cumulative volume ) Cumulative relative rate = ( cumulative rate of increase in the next period − cumulative rate of increase in the previous period ) / | Cumulative volume growth in the next period | Results Dynamics of kernel weight Both fresh and dry kernel weight showed an increasing trend with slight fluctuations ( Figure 1 ).