Excerpts

For relative conductivity, both G, W and their interaction were highly significant ( p < 0.001) ( Table 2 ).

Following Z-score standardization, Bartlett’s test of sphericity was highly significant ( p < 0.001), confirming the suitability of data for principal component analysis (PCA).

The analysis revealed a strong positive co-expression correlation between the two genes, with R = 0.95 and a highly significant p-value (p<0.001), the raw data are presented in Supplementary Table 5 .

SOD activity reached the highest level at the maximal Hg concentration (265.71 ± 7.82 U g –1 min –1 ), and the difference in SOD activity among different Hg treatments was highly significant ( F = 28.755, P < 0.001).

Highly significant positive linear correlation ( r = 0.97, p = 0.001) were observed between the number of trichomes and increase in artemisinin content.

Marker RAC875_c8642_231 (M2) had a highly significant positive effect ( P < 0.001) with 43.3 μg g -1 DW ( Figure 4 ).

In comparison, the majority of the lines expressing ΔN ZmL (2 lines) or any of the chimeric DGAT1s (2–4 lines identified from each construct) had highly significant ( P < 0.001) increases in lipid levels compared to both wild type and their respective null siblings ( Table 2 and Supplementary Tables 4 , 5 ).

The plant mortality at 14 dpi on different treatments were highly significant (p-value < 0.001).

Temperature and the Temperature by Plant part interaction had a highly significant ( P < 0.001) effect on epoxy-janthitrem concentration after 4 and 10 weeks, with concentrations significantly higher in pseudostems grown at high temperature.

Although marginally significant ( p = 0.001), the height of transgenic plants was only 8% lower than that of Columbia compared to ∼40% reduction seen in 3KO plants (Figure 1 E).

RFV had highly significant negative correlations with ADF, CPY, and NDF ( r = –0.72, –0.66, and –0.89; p <0.001), and CPY had highly significant positive correlations with NDF ( r = 0.68).

Correlation analysis of quantitative traits Correlation analyses revealed varying degrees of association among oat traits in both cultivation regions, with most trait correlations reaching highly significant levels (P<0.001, Figure 3 ).

For the set of leaf hydraulic traits, the correlation between stomatal density and stomatal length was highly significant and negative (-0.58; p < 0.001).

Pearson’s correlations of DArT and GBS markers significant for FT, GY, PH, and Gpt revealed highly significant correlations (P-value ≤ 0.001) between markers identified on common chromosomes (1B, 2D, 5A, and 6A) for the same traits ( Figure 5 ; Supplementary Table S6 ).

The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (P < 0.001) for the quantitatively measured traits ( Supplementary Table S2 ).

Straw return and P application had significant ( P < 0.01) or highly significant ( P < 0.001) effects on the total P (TP) content in each soil layer at each stage, and significant effects on the Olsen-P (OP) content in S1 soil layer ( P < 0.05), however, the OP content in S2 soil layer was only affected by the application of P application ( Figures 6 , 7 ).

Significant GCA effects for parents and SCA effects for families were observed for most traits and all variance components were highly significant ( p ≤ 0.001).

AMOVA results showed that the genetic differences between and within populations were extremely significant ( P < 0.001), at 6.01 and 93.99%, respectively, indicating that the genetic differences mainly came from within populations.

The genotypic variation was highly significant (P<0.001) at two severe stressed (Beg-WL and Hyd-DT) and two moderate stress sites (Hyd-WL and Nht-DT).

A slight downregulation of AT5G17700 in atml1 mutants (1.9-fold higher expression in Col_WT versus atml1 ) did not reach statistical significance ( p = 1.2 ⋅ 10 -3 , but padj = 1 after multiple testing correction).

On the other hand, inoculated plants expressed a highly significant and positive correlation (R = 0.6, p = p = 0.0014** ) between the inorganic “Pi” content and total P, indicating that PSB isolates likely contribute to a better internal P use efficiency ( Figure 2B ).

Correlation analysis revealed several highly significant negative correlations among the traits: AC and ATC (r=-0.675, p=0.002), AC and ATR (r=-0.984, p<0.001), and AC and ATA (r=-0.638, p=0.003).

Tree-ring width and earlywood width exhibited a decreasing trend from pith to bark ( p = 0.002 and p < 0.001), whereas latewood width remained constant.

PERMANOVA showed that the shifts in bacterial and fungal communities were highly significant ( p < 0.002; Table 2 ).

Comparative analysis of these two pooled datasets showed a highly significant difference in insect feeding preference, with tissue infiltrated with non-trichome-inducing Agrobacterium strains preferentially eaten (P = 0.002, Student’s t-test) ( Figure 4B ).