Excerpts

Results The total number of URB trainees in our programs as well as their percentage of the total trainee cohort indicate an encouraging trend toward better recruitment and retention of URB scientists.

Comparing Data Sources Using Regression Analysis Our regression results for price per cigarette demonstrate that in relation to Nielsen data, Kantar (retail and online) and Nottingham OPD prices showed modest, though in several cases highly significant, differences in price per cigarette or gram of hand-rolling tobacco, with Kantar data tending to be lower and Nottingham OPD data higher than Nielsen figures ( Table 2 ).

An apparent trend in the decrease in PA has been also identified in a wide population study in the U.S.A., where across 18 years, obesity had increased by 8%, and regular PA decreased from 53% to 43% [ 38 ].

However, the concentrations of the two pollutants showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing because of the comprehensive remediation of environmental pollution in the basin.

At temperature levels above 25 oC, the effect slows down but remains positive with an increasing trend.

The main results were as follows: (1) The Overall Pattern Optimization Compared with the situation of the land use pattern in 2005, overall, cropland, grassland, built-up land, waterbodies and unused land showed a decreasing trend, reducing by 1.78%, 1.8%, 0.01%, 0.38% and 0.03%, respectively, with the recommended plan.

However, in the case of predicting “satisfaction” or “high satisfaction” with the quality of life of a neighborhood, also the exposure level during whole trips on foot or by bike pop up as highly significant.

An assessment has revealed a positive trend in the annual Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) across a significant portion of the total area, particularly in the dust source regions.

Further, the breakdown of sales channels for hearing aids showed a positive trend between adoption rate and relative user empowerment by product design [ 35 ].

Additionally, soil total nitrogen was highly significantly and positively correlated to catalase and urease, but highly significant negatively correlated to sucrase ( Table 3 ).

NH 4 + -N showed a decreasing trend with an increase in recovery time and its content was the highest in the S529 sub-dam.

There is, for example, an increasing trend towards issues being reported in parks, gardens and urban greenspace.

For mollusks, the δ 13 C and δ 15 N values displayed a decreasing trend from SG to NRFA or TGRA, but for macrocrustaceans, the δ 13 C values showed an increasing (from SG to NRFA) and decreasing (from NRFA to TGRA) trend, while the δ 15 N values displayed a decreasing gradient from SG to TGRA ( Table 3 ).

In the US, death rates from all cancers peaked in 1990 for men and 1991 for women, showing then a decreasing trend of 1.3%/year for men and 0.5%/year in women [ 1 ].

Disparities have been observed in receipt of the vaccine ever since it appeared on the market [ 18 ], and less than 35% of seniors overall have received ZVL [ 24 ], indicating that there may be significant barriers to receipt of the vaccine.

(2017) in ALSPAC cohort, there was no association in the adjusted models between prenatal blood lead levels and IQ results for 4- and 8-year-old children, in this same cohort the interaction between gender and blood lead was not significant in 4-year olds, while it appeared to be of borderline significance in 8-year-old children for verbal performance and total IQ score, and boys were more susceptible [ 24 ].

The results showed that: (1) the TN showed an increasing trend in the early periods and exhibited a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2014; (2) the geographic and RS variables played more important roles in predicting TN distribution than did the other variables; and (3) changes in the fertilization and crop planting structure caused by soil testing and formulated fertilization techniques (STFFT—Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Techniques) as well as farmland protection policies influenced the spatiotemporal variability of TN.

Following standardly performed disinfection with disinfection wipes that contain active ingredients such chlorhexidine digluconate and triclosan, the reduction of contamination to zero was achieved in 60.9% of mobile phones, but only in 16.7% of keyboards, which is a statistically, highly significant difference ( p ˂ 0.001).

The associations between PM 2.5 and admission for CHF were marginally significant for women (0.43%, 95% CI, −0.005–0.87%) and individuals aged ≥65 years (0.32%, 95% CI, −0.005–0.65%).

We found that the association was marginally significant among ethnic Chinese and Vietnamese, aOR (95% CI) 1.03 (1.00–1.06) and 1.05 (1.00–1.10), respectively, but not among Koreans: 0.99 (0.95–1.03).

Compared to the control group, the girls with violent behaviors also differed in this respect, but this difference reached only the level of a statistical trend; moreover, this tendency was lower compared to the girls with suicidal behaviors.

Today, forest cover in SDWSA is ~75% with a decreasing trend in recent years.

From 1987 to 2016, the urban area of Xiamen showed a trend of expansion.

Streams from arid, temperate, and tropical climatic regions show a decreasing trend of DO with respect to the longitudinal profiles of main river flows.

Vertically, as the depth increased, Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Zn contents declined, but Cr, Cu and Ni exhibited an increasing trend.