“a negative trend”

showed that there is a negative trend of increasing body mass index within the first and youngest age group.

However, other regions experienced a negative trend (−2.72 ± 2.91 g C m −2 per year) in annual GPP.

Long handover time in emergency care Older analyses from the Institute for Economic and Social Reforms [ 24 ] showed a negative trend in the handover times of patients diagnosed within the First Hour Quintet (FHQ)—i.e., acute, time-critical conditions where every minute is pivotal for survival of the patient and his/her long-term health outcomes.

Together these findings suggest a negative trend over time in relation to the perceived effectiveness and transparency of the government actions taken during the pandemic.

The consumption intensity for electricity shows a rising trend, while gas has a negative trend with significance only in 2006 and 2016.

(similar to Rall et al., 2010 ; Iles, 2014 ; Archer et al., 2019 ) and a negative trend when it fed on C. reinhardtii .

Interestingly, the common toad populations both in Switzerland and in UK have been reported to undergo a negative trend and the reasons for this are currently unknown 18 .

In South African savanna, simulation experiments showed that the population dynamics of wood plants ( Grewia flava ) also demonstrated a positive trend in the scenario of an increase in extreme precipitation by 30–40% and a negative trend for a decrease by 5–15% [ 9 ].

The losses are motivated by the lack of investment in port infrastructure and the lack of interest of the authorities in the financial support of the branch, which through this measure manages to accumulate a negative trend of the employees as we shall see below (see Figure 2 ).

( 2022 ) found that the bryophyte diversity in the Polish city of Wrocław showed a negative trend with variables related to increased urbanization, such as a lower NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and a higher UHI, among other factors influencing species diversity.

We observed a negative trend in the association, although not statistically significant, between the HLA-DRB1 *09:01 allele, which is the second significant risk allele in Korean RA population, and treatment response to abatacept (OR = 0.19 [0.01–1.11], P = 0.068) or TNFi (OR = 1.09 [0.61–1.92], P = 0.78) 5 .

We observed a negative trend between Fe oxidation gene abundance (including cyc1 , cyc2 clusters, foxZ , and sulfocyanin ) and Fe concentrations in the precipitates (Supplementary Table S5 ).

A further inspection showed that in some countries the association between European identification and autochthony was negative (most notably in Greece but also showing a negative trend in Hungary and Belgium), whereas it was positive in other countries (particularly strongly in Italy and the Netherlands).

However, motor vehicular-related mortality indicated a positive trend in 1998 (38.5%) but a negative trend in 2015 (−8.4%).

In Europe, an increasing disturbance pressure is already associated with a negative trend in the forest carbon sink (Senf and Seidl 2021 ; Patacca et al. 2023 ; Migliavacca et al. 2025 ).

Also subjective sleep quality showed a negative trend over time, a result consistent with other research ( Bhargava et al., 2000 ; Pattyn et al., 2018 ) although at the end of the stay the average score did increase slightly.

Figure 2 a shows a negative trend in normal nutritional status in the Aymara population, at 86.2% at 6 years and 61.1% at 10 years, while overweight and obesity showed a positive trend, jointly reaching 13.8% of children at 6 years and 39% at 10 years.

Similar to the total phosphorous and chlorophyll-a concentrations, the total cyanobacterial biomass significantly increased from 1996–2005, but a negative trend was observed after the start of the biomanipulation ( Fig 3 ).

After being doped, under UV irradiation, a negative trend is presumed to overwhelm.

The correlation of NANOG and GATA6 also revealed a negative trend with the largest change occurring in 65 to 90-cell embryos ( Fig 3A ).

This is concerning as it highlights a negative trend for a group that is already vulnerable in many ways, potentially exacerbating health inequalities.

Laboratory tests showed a negative trend ( Table 1 ), and signs of ascites appeared on ultrasound.

Physical activity can protect against oxidative stress and inflammation, the coefficient for the interaction between low physical activity and childhood disadvantage indicated a negative trend though this was not significant nor was the interaction between childhood disadvantage and obesity.

In contrast, electrical conductivity (EC) also exhibited a negative trend, with R 2 = 0.9020 (Fig. 3 b).

For savannas and croplands, there was a negative trend in the past.