In the Checkmate 040 trial, increased CD3+/CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells of nivolumab-treated HCC patients showed a trend toward survival prolongation, but was not significant ( p = 0.08) [ 162 ].
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Predictive Biomarkers for Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment Response in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
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In this study, the objective response rate (ORR) was 19% in patients with <1% PD-L1 expression in tumor biopsy samples and 26% in patients with ≥1% PD-L1 expression in tumor biopsy samples using a PD-L1 IHC 28-8 pharmDx assay; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance.