Neuroimmunomodulation of vagus nerve stimulation and the therapeutic implications.

Front Aging Neurosci · 2023 · PMC10358778 · PMID 37484689

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

However, these results did not reach statistical significance, which may require a larger sample size (Baro et al., 2022 ).

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showed a trendno p-value reported

taVNS showed a trend of decreased weight gain, improved sucrose preference, increased mechanical withdrawal threshold, and suppression of elevated TNF-α levels in rats with depression and chronic somatic pain (Guo et al., 2020 ).

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