Neo-Adjuvant Treatment in Primary Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and PRISMA-Compliant Updated Metanalysis of Oncological Outcomes.

Subgroup analysis showed significantly higher HR from retrospective studies (HR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.09–3.29, z = 2.27, p = 0.02, τ 2 = 0.20, I2 = 44.71%), while such a significant trend was not confirmed pooling results from RCTs (HR: 1.70, 95% CI: 0.70–4.08, z = 1.18, p = 0.24, τ 2 = 0.61, I2 = 63.91%), among which a significant heterogeneity occurred ( Supplementary Materials—Figure S12 ).

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The cumulative analysis revealed a clear trend from 2011 to 2022, showing how HR stabilized at 0.80 (95% CI: 0.72–0.91) ( Supplementary Materials—Figure S3 ).

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