Divergent trajectory of replication and intrinsic pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron post-BA.2/5 subvariants in the upper and lower respiratory tract.

Remarkably, we found a significant trend of reduced N expression from BA.2 to XBB.1.5 in mice of all three age groups, including weanling mice (−R = 0.79, p < 0.0001), adult mice (−R = 0.73, p < 0.0001), and aged mice (−R = 0.73, p < 0.0001) ( Fig. 6 d).

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While no trend was observed for weanling and adult mice, a weak trend of reduced replication was observed in aged mice (−R = 0.42, p = 0.0072) ( Fig. 3 d).

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Similarly, infection of BQ.1 or BQ.1.1 also resulted in lower N expression than that of BA.5.2 in nasal turbinates of infected weanling and aged mice but the difference did not reach statistical significance ( Fig. 3 a, c and e).

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