Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship programme on antibiotic utilization and resistance burden in patients with acute leukaemia: an 11-year longitudinal cohort study using interrupted time-series analysis.

ASPs were significantly associated with an immediate reduction [−70.03 DOT/1000 patient-days (PD), P = 0.036] and a decreasing trend (−11.65 DOT/1000 PD per quarter, P < 0.001) in overall antibiotic use.

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A significant reduction in the consumption of carbapenems both immediately and at the end of the study was also obtained (level change: −88.44 DOT/1000 PD; relative cumulative effect: −25%; 95% CI −0.41 to −0.09), but a negative trend change was observed (slope change: 1.32 DOT/1000 PD per quarter, P = 0.262).

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Notably, consumption of targeted antibiotics, such as carbapenems and ciprofloxacin, decreased dramatically (all P < 0.001), but glycopeptides showed a decreasing trend that did not reach statistical significance (β = −0.17, P = 0.471).

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aeruginosa showed an increasing trend post-ASP interventions, highlighting the need for heightened vigilance and suspicion for Pseudomonas species-induced BSI, particularly during neutropenia.

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