Trait impulsivity is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes incidence in adults over 8 years of follow-up: results from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

The results of the mediation analysis by BMI in the association between trait impulsivity and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes showed a significant total effect (HR [95% CI] = 1.10 [1.00, 1.19]; P = 0.048), a borderline significant controlled direct effect when BMI was fixed at its mean (HR = 1.09 [0.99, 1.18]; P = 0.070), and a significant pure indirect effect (HR [95% CI] = 1.02 [1.01, 1.03]; P < 0.001) indicating a strong mediation effect of BMI (Additional file 3 : Fig.

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However, the additional adjustment for personal and familiar history of disease, as well as for depressive symptomatology, attenuated the relationships showing borderline non-significant results (all P ≤ 0.075).

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While the indirect effect through BMI was significant, the direct effect did not reach statistical significance, shedding light on the observed attenuation.

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