Although the sound condition increased the mean final SPM by 0.5 symbols per minute (i.e., improved performance) compared to the no-sound condition, a repeated measures t -test revealed that this difference failed to reach statistical significance [t (33) = 0.181, p = 0.858; Cohen’s effect size d = −0.028].
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Individual Differences in the Impact of Distracting Environmental Sounds on the Performance of a Continuous Visual Task in Older Adults.
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0.8580
0.8580
The sentences
Although there is some indication that, for males, sound improves performance (SPM) compared to no sound, this did not reach statistical significance.