First, we found that the SOS in high latitudes in China showed an overall trend of advancement, but the trend of SOS varied significantly in space and by vegetation types.
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Winter climate change mediates the sensitivity of vegetation leaf-out to spring warming in high latitudes in China.
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The sentences
However, although spring leaf phenology as a whole has shown a clear trend of advancement with warming, there are notable differences among species and across regions.
In particular, winter temperature (T min and T max ) showed a decreasing trend north of the Greater Khingan Mountains and in the northwestern and central parts of the study area, especially in Region 1 and Region 2, where the SOS significantly advanced.
The advancing trend in SOS was especially pronounced along the northern boundary of the study area ( Figure 3C , Region 1), with a significant trend averaging 1.9 days per decade.
We found that winter precipitation ( Figure 4A ) and spring T min ( Figure 4D ) generally showed an increasing trend across the study area.