Effects of Chronic Social Isolation Stress and Alcohol on the Reinforcing Properties of Ketamine in Male and Female Rats.

eNeuro · 2025 · PMC11875838 · PMID 39993843

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In summary, while male rats showed similar trends in active responding as with ketamine infusions, these differences did not reach statistical significance.

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showed a trendno p-value reported

These data suggest that while all groups either reinstated or showed a trend toward reinstatement, neither biological sex nor drinking history significantly influenced reinstatement to ketamine-associated cues.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.