Prevalence of anxiety and depression among university students in Southern Saudi Arabia based on a cross sectional survey.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12049515 · PMID 40319090

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closest p

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In relation to anxiety, smoking behaviors [OR = 0.230; 95% CI = 0.049–1.084, p = 0.063] also showed an association that approached but did not reach statistical significance.

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approaching significanceno p-value reported

Smokers exhibited lower odds of both depression (B = -1.035, p = 0.074; OR = 0.355, 95% CI: 0.114–1.105) and anxiety (B = -1.470, p = 0.063; OR = 0.230, 95% CI: 0.049–1.084), with p-values approaching significance.

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