Three Years of Human Milk Banking: Assessing the Impact on Lactation Rates at Discharge in VLBW Preterm Infants in an Italian Reference NICU.

Regression analysis showed a positive trend for HM (+4.84%/year, p = 0.05), and a declining trend for IM (−1.96%/year) and MF (−2.88%/year).

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Conversely, the use of IM is expected to decline to 11.2%, following a negative trend of −1.96% per year.

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While our data indicate a clear trend favoring human milk, further efforts should aim to increase HM rates at discharge, which are below the desirable rate, and increase rates beyond the NICU stay through structured outpatient follow-ups and community lactation support.

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